oṣṭhau

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dvāv oṣṭhāv apy uccāraṇa­sthānam.

bahavo varṇā dvābhyām oṣṭhābhyām uccāryante. ke varṇā uccāryante dvābhyām oṣṭhābhyām?

u­varṇa oṣṭhābhyām uccāryate. pa­vargo 'py oṣṭhābhyām uccāryate.

dvāv oṣṭhau sthānaṃ bahūnāṃ varṇānām. dvāv oṣṭhau sthānaṃ keṣāṃ varṇānām? oṣṭhau sthānam u­varṇasya pa­vargasya ca.

etasmād ete varṇā oṣṭhyā ity ucyante:

  • u
  • ū

  • pa
  • pha
  • ba
  • bha
  • ma

o­kāra au­kāraś ca katham uccāryete?

  • o
  • au

o­kāra uccāryata oṣṭhābhyāṃ kaṇṭhena ca. au­kāro 'py uccāryata oṣṭhābhyāṃ kaṇṭhena ca.

etasmād o­kāra au­kāraś ca kaṇṭhoṣṭhyāv ity ucyete. uccāraṇa­sthānam etayor dvayoḥ svarayoḥ kaṇṭhoṣṭham.

va­kāraḥ katham uccāryate?

  • va

va­kāra uccāryata oṣṭhābhyāṃ dantaiś ca.

etasmād va­kāro dantoṣṭhya ity ucyate. etasmād uccāraṇa­sthānaṃ va­kārasya dantoṣṭham.